On first sight we could say that theology and ecology don't have anything in common. However, the purpose of this work is to show the roleof theology in relation to ecology and to show in which way can theology contribute to the modern processes in ecology. On the first pages of the Book of Genesis is the creation described which includes not just human, but of all other creatures as well, among which human should be the guardian of nature. Theology has a clear purpose to rethink the beauty of creation through our faith in resurrection of Christ which gives us the hope that we will be participants of the renewed creation together with the whole creation.This work is divided in four parts in which we present the specificity of the relation of theology and bioethics with ecology.In the worst chapter we examine the concept of ecology, after which we bring short historical introduction of the relationship between human and nature, especially the bad influence of human on nature. The second chapter continues to elaborate the views which we encounter in ecologial ethics. The third chapter, onthe other hand, represents the teaching of the Holy Scripture about ecology. The fourth chapter is about the teaching of the Catholic Church about ecology which was elaborated in the official documents of the magisterium, as well the theology of Leonardo Boff and a short review of the teaching of saint Francis of Assisi. The work is concluded with a chapter which comparatively presents the principle of sustainable development and the principle of caution.